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Major depression is a change in mood that lasts for weeks or months. It is one of the most severe types of depression. It usually involves a low or irritable mood and/or a loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. It interferes with one's normal functioning and often include physical symptoms. A person may experience only one episode of major depression, but often there are repeated episodes over an individual's lifetime.
Depression is a term that can refer to a wide variety of abnormal variations in an individual's mood. If changes in an individual's mood are persistent and cause distress or impairment in functioning, then a mood disorder may be present. Individuals with mood disorders experience extremes of emotions, for example sadness, that are higher in intensity and longer in duration than normal.
Mood disorders are generally classified as either unipolar or bipolar. Unipolar depression is characterized by periods of depressed mood, profound sadness, or loss of interest in activities. Bipolar disorder is characterized by periods of depressed mood that alternate with periods of extremely elevated mood, increased energy, and euphoria. These periods of elevated mood are referred to as mania. Within both unipolar and bipolar categories, specific sets of symptoms are characteristic of particular disorders, each of which has its own diagnostic profile, treatments, and prognosis.